Major depressive disorder affects a person’s mood, sleep, appetite, concentration, and energy levels. Many people find relief with antidepressants and talk therapy, but when symptoms persist despite trying at least two antidepressants, doctors may classify the condition as treatment-resistant depression. If standard medications have not provided enough improvement, you may benefit from a prescription nasal spray containing esketamine. Here is information on esketamine and what to know about this major depressive disorder treatment: How Esketamine Works The U.S. FDA has approved esketamine nasal spray for adults with treatment-resistant depression and those with major depressive disorder who have depressive symptoms and

Uterine fibroids are noncancerous growths that develop in or around the uterus. Symptoms range from heavy menstrual bleeding and pelvic pressure to pain during intercourse, and the severity varies from patient to patient. Treatment options include medication, hormonal therapy, and surgical procedures such as myomectomy or hysterectomy, though the appropriate choice depends on symptom severity and reproductive goals. Here is more information on fibroids: What Are Fibroid Symptoms? Fibroid symptoms vary widely between patients. Heavy or prolonged menstrual bleeding is a common issue, and some women may also notice pelvic pain, lower back pain, or a sensation of pressure in

Arthritis is a broad term for conditions that affect joints and the surrounding tissues. More than 100 types exist; osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis are among the most common. Because each type follows its own pattern, providers tailor treatment plans to the individual. Here’s more information about this condition and how to treat it: Reviewing Medication-Based Treatments Anti-inflammatory and pain-relief medications are a fundamental part of many arthritis treatment plans. Providers may discuss these options based on the type of arthritis, the severity of symptoms, and the patient’s overall health profile. Medication categories range from over-the-counter options to prescription drugs. Corticosteroid

Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a noninvasive treatment for major depressive disorder, and many outpatient clinics offer it. If you are weighing options beyond medication and therapy, knowing how TMS works may help your next appointment. Here is more information on this treatment and how it can help people with depression: Uses Magnetic Pulses When your session begins, a technician positions a magnetic coil against your scalp near your forehead. The coil delivers brief, focused magnetic pulses to a specific area of the brain. These pulses feel like light tapping, and the device makes a loud clicking sound. Most clinics

A psychiatrist evaluates mental health crises by assessing symptom severity, medical history, and potential safety concerns. During an evaluation, providers identify immediate treatment needs and discuss appropriate interventions based on individual circumstances. Because mental health crises vary in presentation, psychiatrists develop individualized care recommendations and coordinate follow-up services when necessary. Here is more information about how psychiatrists can aid in crisis intervention:  Assessing Crisis Severity A psychiatrist assesses mental health crises by reviewing current symptoms, medical history, and changes in daily functioning. Evaluations often address emotional distress, behavioral changes, and potential safety concerns. Because psychiatric symptoms sometimes overlap between conditions,

Skin cancer can affect people of every skin type, although risk levels and visible signs may differ across skin tones. Understanding these differences can help people recognize concerning changes and discuss them with a dermatologist. Here is an overview of what to know about skin cancer in different skin types: Understanding Risk Across Skin Tones Dermatologists often describe skin type using the Fitzpatrick scale. This scale sorts skin into six types based on how it reacts to sun, from Type I, which always burns, to Type VI, which rarely burns. Lighter skin types contain less melanin, the pigment that gives

In vitro fertilization (IVF) combines eggs and sperm in a laboratory dish, and the resulting embryos grow for several days. A doctor then places one into the uterus. Since each stage follows a set timeline, knowing the steps helps you plan work, travel, and appointments. This is how the IVF service process works, from your first visit to embryo transfer: Initial Consultation When you arrive for your first IVF service visit, a fertility specialist reviews your medical and reproductive history. Bring records of past pregnancies, surgeries, and fertility treatments. The doctor asks about your menstrual cycle, and your partner answers

Urgent care centers treat illnesses and injuries that need same-day attention but are not emergencies. Common reasons for a visit include sprains, minor cuts, sore throats, and ear infections. Many centers accept walk-in patients, and many stay open in the evening and on weekends. Here are some ways to make the most of your urgent care visit:  Know Your Health History The provider at an urgent care clinic usually has not treated you before. They may not have access to records from your primary care doctor or specialists. Bring a written list of your current medications, including the dose and

Achilles tendinitis is irritation of the band of tissue that connects your calf muscles to your heel bone. It often develops from overuse, sudden increases in activity, or tight calf muscles. Rest and ice will ease minor symptoms, but your provider might also recommend a stretching routine. When you stretch with proper form, you prepare the tendon for movement. Stretch Your Calf and Tendon Tight calf muscles pull on the Achilles tendon with each step. This repeated tension will increase irritation, and it can cause Achilles tendonitis. Gentle stretching can lengthen these muscles gradually, and this helps reduce the strain placed

Surgical weight loss offers lasting benefits beyond weight loss, including improvements in obesity-related health conditions and quality of life. These outcomes depend on factors such as the procedure and sustained lifestyle changes. Here is a closer look at the long-term benefits of weight loss surgery: Sustainable Weight Management Weight loss surgery provides patients with a tool for consistent weight reduction over time. Procedures may reduce stomach capacity, so patients feel full after smaller meals. Gastric bypass and the duodenal switch also change how the body absorbs calories. Results vary from person to person, and outcomes depend heavily on daily habits